What is the recommended action for a nurse when a patient exhibits symptoms of anaphylaxis?

The recommended action when a patient exhibits symptoms of anaphylaxis is to initiate an emergency response and administer epinephrine. Anaphylaxis is a severe and rapid allergic reaction that can lead to life-threatening complications, including airway obstruction and cardiovascular collapse. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment because it acts quickly to reverse the symptoms of anaphylaxis by constricting blood vessels, relaxing bronchial smooth muscles, and increasing heart rate.

Taking immediate action is crucial, as administering epinephrine can stabilize the patient's condition and prevent further deterioration. After administering epinephrine, continuous monitoring is essential to assess the patient’s response and determine if additional doses of epinephrine may be necessary. This intervention is critical in managing the acute phase of anaphylaxis effectively.

Other actions listed do not adequately address the urgent nature of anaphylaxis. Sedatives might worsen respiratory depression, cool compresses do not address the underlying issue, and encouraging the patient to lie down may not be appropriate, especially if they are experiencing breathing difficulties. Therefore, initiating emergency protocols and delivering epinephrine is the comprehensive approach that prioritizes patient safety and effective treatment.